A Study to assess the effectiveness of warm foot soak on reduction of Blood Pressure among Hypertensive patients in selected rural area at Rajkot

 

Mr. Ahmed Sodha, Dr. Jeenath Justin Doss K., Mr. Suneesh P. M., Mrs. Glenis Parmar

Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/h Sainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot-360006

 

ABSTRACT:

The reduction of level of blood pressure has an important role in enabling effectiveness of warm foot soak as an independent nursing intervention. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of warm foot soak on reduction of blood pressure among hypertensive patient. The research design adopted was Quasi-experimental. The conceptual framework for this study was Wiendenbach theory. The study has conducted in Madhapar Rural area, Rajkot. The sample size was 40 as an intervention the warm foot soak was administered for 7 days each sample. The collected data were analyzed by using inferential statistical method. ANOVA test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of warm foot soak on blood pressure among hypertensive patient. The obtained ANOVA test value systolic 49.04 and diastolic 23.10 which showed highly significant at 0.001 levels. Hence their findings of the study revealed that the warm foot soak helps in decreasing the level of blood pressure among hypertensive patient with selected demographic variables.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Hypertension is defined as having a blood pressure higher than 140 over 90 mmHg, with a consensus across medical guidelines. This means the systolic reading is over 140 mmHg and/or the diastolic reading (as the heart relaxes and refills with blood) is over 90 mmHg¹. Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors for stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and arterial aneurysm, and is a leading cause of chronic kidney failure. A warm foot bath is the immersion of both feet and ankles in hot water for 10–15 minutes².

 

 

 

 

 

In this procedure the blood warmed in the vessels at skin’s surface is pumped from there back into body where it begins to heat organs and deep muscle tissue where the same healthy vessel dilation occurs leaving the muscles more relaxed. This will lower blood pressure. Unconscious and lower limb paralysis persons are contraindicated for this procedure.^3,4

 

NEED OF THE STUDY:

Hypertension is one of the most common worldwide diseases afflicting humans. Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke (the third leading cause), congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease, and peripheral vascular disease⁵. Therefore, health care professionals must not only identify and treat patients with hypertension but also promote a healthy lifestyle and preventive strategies to decrease the prevalence of hypertension in the general population⁶.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1.    To assess the level of blood pressure among hypertensive patients.

2.    To assess the effectiveness of warm foot soak in reduction of blood pressure.

3.    To find out the association between level of blood pressure among hypertensive patients with their selected demographic variables.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

H₁ There will be a significant relationship between warm foot soak and blood pressure level.

H₂  There will be a significant association between reductions of blood pressure among hypertensive patients with their selected demographic variables.

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

RESEARCH DESIGN:

Quasi-experimental study, time series research design.

 

VARIABLES:

Independent variable:

Warm foot soak and Demographic variables.

 

Dependent variable:

Blood pressure.

 

SETTING OF THE STUDY:

The study was conducted in Madhapar rural area of Rajkot.

 

POPULATION:

Hypertensive patients at selected Madhapar rural area of Rajkot.

 

SAMPLING SIZE:

The sample size of the study were 40 hypertensive patients.

 

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:

Simple random sampling technique: The use of table of random numbers. Samples were based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

 

DATA ANALYSIS:

The responses were analyzed through descriptive statistics (Frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics ANOVA and Chi-Square.

 

DEMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS:

1.      The majority of 12(30%) sample’s age is between 51-60years.

2.      The majority of 21 (52.5%) the sample’s educational status is studied till 10^th standard.

3.      The majority of 12(30%) the sample’s not have any bad habits.

4.      The majority of 15 (37.5%) samples are having moderate body built.

5.      The majority of 15(37.5%) samples are having diabetes mellitus.

6.      The majority of 21 (52.5%) samples are having no family history of hypertension.

7.      The majority of 34 (84%) samples are having primary type hypertension.

8.      The majority of 26 (65%) samples are not doing daily exercises.

 

The study shows that the calculated chi- square value is less than tabulated value at the level of 0.05 for all the selected demographic variables, thus stated null hypothesis is accepted which shows there is significant association between effectiveness of warm foot soak and selected demographic variables.

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

With regards to effectiveness of warm foot soak on reducing blood pressure among hypertensive patient, the obtained ANOVA-test for the level of systolic level of blood pressure F-value was 42.24 and diastolic blood pressure F-value was 50.61 that was very highly significant at p<0.001 level.

 

CONCLUSION:

The main conclusion from this present study is that most of the hypertensive patients in pre test are Grade-1 and Grade-2 hypertension and normal blood pressure and Grade-1 hypertension no any grade-2 hypertension in post test Day-1,2,3,4,5,6,7. This shows the imperative need to understand the purpose of warm foot soak to  reduction of blood pressure levels and improvement of blood pressure among hypertensive  and it will improve the quality of life which includes the stability in physiological, psychological, sexual, vocational and lifestyles aspects.

 

REFERENCES:

1.     Brunner, Sudharth. Textbook of medical surgical nursing, 12^th Edition. Volume-2 Lippincott publication; 2010; 785-798.

2.     Vineetha: Natural ways to reduce blood pressure (online). Available from: http://healthbeckon.com/natural ways to reduce blood pressure (Accessed on 12 February 2017).

3.     Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Division for heart disease and stroke prevention (online.). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data statistics (Accessed on 12 Feb.2017).

4.     Arun Chockalingam, Norman R Campbell, J George Fodor; Canadian journal of cardiology.2006 May, 22(7): 553–555.

5.     World Health Organization; World Health Statistics 2012 (online). Available from: http://who.int/mediacentre (Accessed on 12 Feb.2017)

6.     Samantha Bromfield and Paul Muntner; HHS Author Manuscripts.2014 Jun, 2(1):225-230.

 

 

 

Received on 18.10.2018       Modified on 10.11.2018

Accepted on 03.12.2018       ©A&V Publications All right reserved